1900-1905

(My original has many pictures and illustrations.  Please excuse this installment until I am able to complete it.)

1900         1900         1900         1900

Century 1900 Preview: Communism begins and along with that is the understanding of Communist Jews.  Jews are behind both Capitalism and Communism as they both are materialistic.  Germany, Italy and Japan, the youngest nations all begin to have a revival of culture.  They begin to strive against Anglo/ Judeo Economic supremacy.  Israel becomes a Nation and begins its Terrorist War.  Communism grows with Western aid and takes over China and other Asian nations.

Societal Views about Jews:  Jews continue to assimilate with no barriers.  They are now like the Lion released and continue to work together to monopolize at every opportunity. They dominate the Media and the new Hollywood.  There is now a vast ‘Fear of the Jews’.  Underlying  innate knowledge of Jewish racism is called Extremism after the Holohoax.  Both Mainstream and Evangelical Christianity is taken over with philo-Judaism.  Financial institutions are still primarily Jewish.  The upper classes borrow from the Jews and the common working man is exploited by the Jews by vices and shoddy merchandise.

In the early twentieth century, because of Jew power, Jew hate was rife in most of Europe.  Western culture took stereotypes of Jew hate for granted.  The novels of Dorothy Sayers, Agatha Christie and Scott Fitzgerald portrayed the Jew as crafty, pushy and dishonest.  In his youthful diary, Somerset Maugham described the Jew as crafty, dishonest and ugly, and "Jewesses" as sexy and promiscuous.  As book publishers become monopolized by Jews, authors gutlessly learn to hide their feelings and cater to them.

Jews continue to work together to monopolize at every opportunity.  The common working-man is exploited by the Jews and the Gentiles try to throw off these Talmudic-Supremacist shackles in many European nations.  There are 5 main arguments against the Jews:  1.religious, 2.economic, 3.political, 4.racial and 5.social. 1.The Jews hate Christians and the Talmud espouses Supremacy.  2.The Jews through  their Kahalic community can monopolize industries and force Gentiles out of business.  3.The Jews clamor for tribal advantages and claim anti-Semitism against those who disagree.  4.The Jews, primarily unassimilated, have an alien culture which is different in costume and ethics.  Many immigrants are Jews arriving from Polish Russia.  5.The Jews push antichristian vices and antichristian family policies onto Gentiles.

****Home Art (Heimatkunst) - The folk art was a literary movement in German-speaking from about 1890 to 1910.  The main popularizer of the new movement was the writer and literary historian Adolf Bartels, who first used the term “folk art” in 1898.  Friedrich Lienhard helped spread the new ideas.  The movement shared the idealism of the rural small town home, but allowed for the urban home as well.  Home Art was a restoration of agrarian values against the impersonalization of modern science and the mechanization.  It foresaw the environmental movement.  Its consistently conservative, anti-modernist, rationalist and intellectual attitude produced the subsequent blood-and-soil seal movement.  The Jew was a symbol of industrialization, commerce and labor unions.  Home Art turned against "social democracy" and was against cold capitalism.  Within Home Art, Rembrandt was a symbol for the "back-to-nature" philosophy. A typical feature is healthy village in the mountain (the height of the mountain) versus the unhealthy city in the valley.

Heimatkunst, term adopted at the end of the 19th c. in a conscious anti-urban and anti-cosmopolitan reaction by certain German writers, notably A. Bartels, F. Lienhard, T. Kröger (1844-1918), and H. Sohnrey (1859-1948). They encouraged authors to write rural fiction on the region in which they lived and knew intimately, hoping to produce a truly German literature. Lienhard, an Alsatian, was less committed to the nationalistic trend. Bartels openly combined it with anti-Semitism.

The Heimatkünstler regarded as their ancestors such eminent writers as J. Gotthelf, Stifter, J. P. Hebel, P. Rosegger, Th. Storm, and F. Reuter, but minor writers, such as P. A. de Lagarde and J. Langbehn, exercised great influence.  Periodicals espousing this movement were published primarily between 1898 and 1943.  Apart from its nationalistic bias and excesses, the movement encouraged some good writing, including the Eifel and West Prussian novels of C. Viebig, the Saxon novels of W. von Polenz, and the sketches from the Lüneburg Heath of H. Löns.  Other lesser exponents were the Holsteiner H. Voigt-Diederichs, the Hamburger O. Ernst, the Bavarian L. Ganghofer, the Hessian W. Holzamer, the Thuringian G. Schroer, the Black Forest priest H. Hansjakob, the Lower Saxons L. von Strauss und Torney and F. Stavenhagen, and the Friesians W. Lobsien, F. Zacchi, and W. Jensen.  Much trivial literature was also thus fostered.

Blood and Soil proponents used the work of the Holsteiner G. Frenssen in 1933 and the writers were H. F. Blunck, F. Griese, H. Stehr, and W. Schäfer.

Switzerland and Tyrol had by their isolation a tendency towards regional literature, which was encouraged by Heimatkunst.  J. C. Heer, H. Federer, and E. Zahn represent Switzerland, and, in some of his plays, K. Schönherr Tyrol; with them the nationalistic note is less insistent or absent.  For Austria, mention should be made of R. H. Bartsch, J. F. Perkonig, E. Ertl, and P. Grogger, though Austrian rural literature had passed its peak with P. Rosegger as well as L. Anzengruber.

Adolf Bartels (11/15, 1862 – 3/7, 1945) was a German journalist, poet and historian and founded the Deutscher Schillerbund in 1907.  He was a tireless publicist, propagating his strongly nationalistic and Jew-exposing opinions. Known for his völkisch worldview, he was, as might be expected, an ardent advocate of Heimatkunst.

Friedrich Lienhard (Oct 4, 1865 - April 30, 1929) was a spokesman of the "Folk art movement”.  This native art movement opposed the internationalization of German literature.  The 19th Century centered on the conflict between modernism and naturalism.  Lienhard leaned towards this Naturalism and the lasting value of Christian Reformed spiritual poetry.  The realism of William Shakespeare was to be a desirable goal.  "Away from Berlin" was his slogan as a return to the classic heritage of Weimar culture. From 1920 to 1928 he was editor of the national-conservative cultural journal of the towers.

Timm Kröger (Nov 29, 1844 - March 29, 1918) wrote numerous Novellas and stories, which describe the farmer and land life.  Many North German roads or schools are named after him.

Heinrich Sohnrey (Jun 19, 1859-Jan 26, 1948) was a popular writer, journalist and social reformer.  He developed a bi-monthly magazine “The Land" (1893-1932) and supported the National Socialists.   Thanks to wide distribution of his works (total circulation 1 million), many consider him the champion of Rural Education and Public Property.

Albert Bitzius (October 4, 1797 – October 22, 1854) was a Swiss novelist, best known by his pen name of Jeremias Gotthelf.  His first work, the Bauernspiegel, appeared in 1837.  It purported to be the life of Jeremias Gotthelf, narrated by himself, and this name was later adopted by the author as his pen name.  It is a living picture of Bernese village life, true to nature, and not attempting to gloss over its defects and failings.  The book was a great success, as it was a picture of real life, and not of fancifully beribboned eighteenth-century villagers.   During the 1840s, he steadfastly opposed radicalism and secularism and placed a conservative emphasis on piety and ecclesiastical authority.

Adalbert Stifter (10/23, 1805 – 1/28, 1868) was an Austrian writer, poet, painter, and pedagogue. He was especially notable for the vivid natural landscapes depicted in his writing, and has long been popular in the German-speaking world, while almost entirely unknown to English readers.

Johann Peter Hebel (5/10, 1760 – 9/22, 1826) was a German short story writer and dialectal poet, most famous for his collection of (Treasure chest of the family friend by the Rhine).  Hebel is one of the most widely read of all German popular poets and writers.  His poetical narratives and lyric poems, written in the Alemanic dialect, are popular in the best sense.  His Alemannische Gedichte (1803) bucolicize, in the words of Goethe, the whole world in the most attractive manner.  Indeed, few modern German poets surpass him in fidelity, naiveté, humour, and in the freshness and vigour of his descriptions.

Peter Rosegger (7/31, 1843 – 6/26, 1918) was an Austrian poet and author as well as an insightful teacher and visionary.  He was nearly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913 and is something like a national hero to this day.

Hans Theodor Woldsen Storm (9/14, 1817 – 7/4, 1888) was a German writer.  . In Der Schimmelreiter, the last of his 50 novellas and widely considered Storm's culminating masterpiece, the setting of the rural North German coast is central to evoking its unnerving, superstitious atmosphere and sets the stage for the battleground of man versus nature - the dykes and the sea.

Fritz Reuter (November 7, 1810 – July 12, 1874) was a German novelist.  In 1855, he wrote a humorous epic poem describing the adventures of some Mecklenburg peasants who resolve to go to Belgium (which they never reach) to learn the secrets of modern farming.  In 1861, he wrote a series of stories, entitled ("old stories of bygone days").  The greatest of Reuter's writings is a story of the men and women he knew in the villages and farmhouses of Mecklenburg, and the circumstances in which he places them are the circumstances by which they were surrounded in actual life.   In 1872, it was translated into “Seedtime and Harvest”.

Paul de Lagarde* 1866

August Julius Langbehn*1890

Gustav Frenssen (10/19, 1863 – 4/11, 1945) was a German novelist. He wrote patriotically about his native country and promoted Heimatkunst (regionalism) in literature and from 1892 to 1902 was a pastor.  In his later years he abandoned Christianity because Christian morals were in conflict with his blatant racism.  Instead, he turned to a form of Germanic Neopaganism which also suited his liberal views on sexuality.

Hans-Friedrich Blunck (9/3, 1888 – 4/24, 1961) was a jurist and a writer.  In the time of the Third Reich, he occupied various positions in Nazi cultural institutions.  Between 1920 and 1940, Blunck published many novels and narratives, which are regarded in modern times as an attempt to establish the way to National Socialism.  Blunck was especially interested in Nordic themes and Hanseatic history, which he framed with an emphasis on nationalistic aspects and the "völkisch" body of thought.  His work includes conflicts with the Germanic pantheon, Norse sagas, fairy tales, ghost stories and Low Saxon poetry.  After Adolf Hitler and the Nazis seized power, Blunck was chosen on 7 June 1933 to be the second chairman of the Section for Poetry of the Prussian Academy of the Arts; the first chairman was Hanns Johst.  In 1933, Blunck took the post of the first President of the Reich Literature Chamber, whose job was to further the control literary production and distribution.  However, by October 1935, he was removed from this position at Hans Hinkel's instigation.  Unlike his successor Johst, Blunck was not a member of the NSDAP and spoke out against persecution of Jews who served in World War I.  Blunck was named foreign representative of the Reich Literature Chamber and Honorary "Chairman by Seniority."  In 1936, Blunck founded the "Foundation of German Works Abroad", whose goal was to propagate a positive picture of the Third Reich abroad.  Blunck was first president, and then from 1940 on, he served as honorary president of the foundation, which in consultation with Reich ministries and NSDAP organizations coordinated foreign-based German companies' activities.  In 1952, Blunck published his memoirs under the title ("Pathless Times")..

Friedrich Griese (1890–1975) was a German novelist.  He was associated with the nationalist literary movement during the Third Reich.  Griese wrote mostly about peasant life in northern Germany.  Griese's novels are nostalgic both in their interest in medieval German literature and their enthusiasm for an idealized conception of the spirit of the German peasant.  In this sense they are solidly within the Blut und Boden (Blood and Soil) school popular during the Third Reich.  Like most popular Third Reich authors, he is largely forgotten in contemporary Germany, and his books can only be obtained second-hand.

Hermann Stehr (Feb 16, 1864-Sep 11, 1940) was a German writer of the County of Glatz.  Stehr celebrated the National Socialist culture as a "herald of the German soul" and praised it for its "ethnic earthiness", and he increasingly devoted himself to "God-seekers novels" in rural environment.  He wrote of internal flights of mysticism.

Wilhelm Schäfer (January 20, 1868 - January 19, 1952) was a German writer and his work (drama, novels, and short prose pieces) were naturalist in style and marked with "völkisch" and national elements.  His folksy language and mystification of the "German soul" made his work popular with the Nazis.

Hermann Löns (Aug 29, 1866-Sep 26, 1914) was a German journalist and writer.  In response to the emerging urbanization at the beginning of the industrial age his heart was hanging onto the barren sandy soil of the heath and its farmers.  He lived for weeks in his hunting lodge and hunted game in the forest, heath and moorland, and wrote several of his works.  Many works include animal and hunting stories and site descriptions.  His prose is shaped by impressions of nature.  His writings can be seen that live wild animals were more important than the dead prey.  Lons advocated the founding of Germany's first nature reserve in 1911.  After his death Löns was not forgotten: His nature and animal stories were read, his songs were sung, some poems learned by heart, and hunters, conservationists and hikers adored him.  He was an early advocate of conservation and was as a pioneer of today's environmentalism.  Hermann Lons was not only a poet and writer, also a designer and painter.  Lons "Sailor Song" was used in the first world war: "Our flag waves on the mast, It proclaims our realm of power, We sail against England, England", the Nazis stylized him a national hero.

William of Polenz (January 14 1861-November 13, 1903) was a German regional writer, novelist and story writer.  His most famous novel is "The Büttner Bauer" (1893), in which he presents the situation of the peasants of his time and is regarded as the most important epic work of naturalism.  In 1902 he undertook a trip to the USA and as a result of this visit was to be socially critical essay "The Land of the Future" (1903). 

Gustav Streicher (July 2 1873-August 12 1915) was an Austrian playwright and novelist and was a prominent exponent of the Naturalism Folk Art, and there are plenty of symbolic elements.  With the gradual disappearance of these two art forms, his work has been withdrawn.

Heinrich Sohnrey (June 19, 1859-January 26, 1948) was a teacher, popular writer and journalist.  In Berlin, he founded in 1904 the "German Country Publishing”.  His home-related writings later appealed to the Nazis.  In October 1933 he was one of the 88 writers, who signed a vow of allegiance to Adolf Hitler.  In his older age, he adapted his writings to the Nazi ideology.

Diedrich Speckmann (February 12 1872-May 28 1938) was a German Folk Art writer and as a "heathen poet”.  In October 1933 he was one of the 88 writers, who signed a vow of allegiance to Adolf Hitler.

****End of Home Art (Heimatkunst)

1900 **Arts and Crafts was an international design movement that flourished between 1860 and 1910, continuing its influence until the 1930s.  It was led by the artist and writer William Morris (1834–1896) and the architect Charles Voysey (1857–1941) during the 1860s, and was inspired by the writings of John Ruskin (1819–1900) and Augustus Pugin (1812–1852).  It developed first and most fully in the British Isles, but spread to Europe and North America.  It was largely a reaction against the impoverished state of the decorative arts at the time and the conditions in which they were produced.  It stood for traditional craftsmanship using simple forms and often applied medieval, romantic or folk styles of decoration.  It advocated economic and social reform and has been said to be essentially anti-industrial.

 In the United States, the terms American Craftsman or Craftsman style are often used to denote the style of architecture, interior design, and decorative arts that prevailed between the dominant eras of Art Nouveau and Art Deco, or approximately the period from 1910 to 1925.  On June 28, 1897, the Society of Arts and Crafts was founded for the purpose of promoting artistic work in all branches of handicraft.  It hoped to bring Designers and Workmen into mutually helpful relations, and to encourage workmen to execute designs of their own.  The "Prairie School" of Frank Lloyd Wright, the Country Day School movement, the bungalow are some examples this style of architecture.  Mission Style, Prairie School, and the 'California bungalow' styles of residential building remain popular in the United States today.  Arts and Crafts ideals influenced architecture, painting, sculpture, graphics, illustration, book making and photography, domestic design and the decorative arts, including furniture and woodwork, stained glass, leatherwork, lacemaking, embroidery, rug making and weaving, jewelry and metalwork, enameling and ceramics.

The Arts and Crafts philosophy was influenced by Ruskin's social criticism, which sought to relate the moral and social health of a nation to the qualities of its architecture and design.  Ruskin thought machinery was to blame for many social ills and that a healthy society depended on skilled and creative workers.  Like Ruskin, Arts and Crafts artists tended to oppose the division of labor and to prefer craft production, in which the whole item was made and assembled by an individual or small group.

The Country Day School movement is a movement in progressive education that originated at this time.  Country Day schools sought to recreate the educational rigor, atmosphere, camaraderie and character-building aspects of the best college prep boarding schools while allowing students to return to their families at the end of the day.  To avoid the crime, pollution and health problems of the industrial cities of the early 20th century, the schools were located in the 'country,' where wealthy families owned large homes in what would later be known as suburbs.  The Country Day School movement shared many values with the Arts and Crafts movement.  School buildings and campus landscaping were designed with the goal of creating an inspirational atmosphere that would foster learning and culture.  In keeping with this holistic view of the student learning environment, various "after-school" programs promoted student development, including athletic programs, choir and religious studies, and monitored study time.  Students were given opportunities to develop leadership skills through clubs and student organizations.  These country day schools would be built around the country for the next 100 years.  The pamphlet Country Schools for City Boys: "'Back to the country,' is the cry of the advocates of one of our sanest philanthropic movements.  To free thousands of our best citizens from the unwholesome and harmful influences of crowded houses, poor light, and bad air, and to restore them to the open field, free from unnatural restraints, and the blessing of God's sunshine, are objects worthy of the best efforts of the American people".

"Der Scherer" The Clipper - first illustrated Tyrolean comic strip was a satirical magazine from 1899 to 1906 first in Innsbruck , then Linz and finally in Vienna.  The "pests", which Scherer referred to were primarily the Catholic Church and the Austro-Hungarian bureaucracy.   In the early stages there wasn’t any nationalism or anti-Semitism.

The Jewish Rundschau (1902 – 1938) was a Zionist weekly in Berlin.  It succeeded the magazines Vereinsbote Berlin (1895-1901) and Jewish Rundschau (1901-1902).   It was succeeded by the World Jewish Rundschau.

 Reverend Dr. Thomas De Witt Talmage (1/7, 1832 – 4/12, 1902) was a Reformed clergyman. He was equaled as a pulpit orator perhaps only by Henry Ward Beecher. He also preached to crowds in England. During the 1860s and 70s, Talmage was a well-known reformer in New York City and was often involved in crusades against vice and crime.   “The family of the Rothschilds is significant of wealth, the loss of $40,000,000 in 1848 putting them to no inconvience; and within a few years they have loaned Russia $12,000,000 Naples, $25,000,000, and England, $200,000,000; and the stroke of their pen on the counting room desk shakes everything from the Irish sea to the Danube. They open their hand, and there is war; they shut it and there is peace.” -Kentucky New Era – 8/27, 1900

 John Atkinson Hobson (7/6, 1858 – 4/1, 1940), was an English economist and critic of imperialism, widely popular as a lecturer and writer.  In 1900 he published The War In South Africa, one chapter For Whom Are We Fighting?, makes it completely clear, the British were fighting for the interests of Jews only.

  ****Another Jewish Monopoly begins - 19th century Book Publishers remained in the hands of the founder’s families into the early 20th, but then soon many Jewish publishing companies were founded and they began to monopolize the industry, sideline the older ones and then take them over.  The esteemed Talmudic Rabbi Rashi of ~1100ad. said “Kill the Best of the Gentiles!”  Just as many of the best Gentiles of Industry and Commerce have fallen to predatory and monopolistic Kahal practices, now through the domination of Publishing, Media and Entertainment, ‘the best of the gentiles’ are being killed by the threat of being called anti-Semitic and suffer ruinous careers.  The Jews are perhaps less than 3% of the population, but as in the War for American Independence, it only takes 3% seriously committed of the population to change society.

 1900 ****Agrarianism stresses the moral superiority of a rural life based on farming, as opposed to the corruption of city life, with its greedy banks and dehumanizing factories. Thomas Jefferson was a famous representative agrarian.  The Scriptures speak of the purity of the country and family values as opposed to the degeneracy of the city.  Cities have wealth and material values, while the country is more in tune with the revelation of God through his nature.  Just as the speculative, greedy and upper classes eventually get the laborer’s money, the city gets rich from the productivity of the country.  Eden is called good.  When sin enters society, cities are built.  Rulers and governments become oppressive.  “Woe to the bloody city! It is all full of lies and robbery.  Its victim never departs.” Nahum 3:1;  “Woe to her who is rebellious and polluted, to the oppressing city!” Zephaniah 3:1

 Mother Nature (or Mother Earth) is a personification of nature that focuses on the life-giving and nurturing aspects of nature by embodying it in the form of the mother.  Images of women representing Mother Nature, have existed since goddesses were worshipped for their association with fertility, fecundity, and agricultural bounty.  The word nature comes from the Latin word, natura, meaning birth or character.  Mother Nature, was widely popular in the Middle Ages seated between the properly divine and the human.

 A Green Man is a sculpture, drawing, or other representation of a face surrounded by or made from leaves.  Branches or vines may sprout from the nose, mouth, nostrils or other parts of the face and these shoots may bear flowers or fruit.  Commonly used as a decorative architectural ornament, Green Men are frequently found on carvings in churches and other buildings (both secular and ecclesiastical).   Found in many cultures around the world, the Green Man is often related to natural vegetative deities.  Primarily it is interpreted as a symbol of rebirth, or "renaissance," representing the cycle of growth each spring. 

1900 “My Father's World” is a Christian hymn by American minister Maltbie Davenport Babcock with adapted music from a traditional English melody.: 1.This is my Father’s world, And to my listening ears All nature sings, and ‘round me rings The music of the spheres.  This is my Father’s world: I rest me in the thought Of rocks and trees, of skies and seas His hand the wonders wrought.  2.This is my Father’s world, The birds their carols raise, The morning light, the lily white, Declare their Maker’s praise.  This is my Father’s world: He shines in all that’s fair; In the rustling grass I hear Him pass, He speaks to me everywhere.

 1900 Dueling scars have been seen as a “badge of honor” since as early as 1825 and popular amongst upper-class Austrians and Germans involved in academic fencing.  The sport of academic fencing at the time was very different from modern fencing.  Rather than foils, participants used heavy sabers.  This resulted in more extreme scarring than one would normally have from standard Olympic swords.  The individual duels between students, known as Mensur, were somewhat ritualized.  In some cases protective clothing was worn, including padding on the arm.  German military laws permitted men to wage duels of honor until World War I, and in 1936 the Nazi government legalized the practice once more.  Within the duel, it was seen as ideal and a way of showing courage to be able to stand and take the blow, as opposed to inflicting the wound.  In fact, the victor was seen as the person who could walk away from the duel with an obvious scar.  It was important to showing one's dueling prowess, but also that one was capable of taking the wound that was inflicted.  Scars were usually targeted to the left profile, so that the right profile appeared okay.  Experienced fencers, who had fought many bouts, often accumulated an array of scars.  The scars are still considered attractive by some older folk, and the practice still continues in smaller numbers today.

Father Johann Martin Hunter (Fritz Claus) (8/5, 1853 -2/6 1923), was a Palatinate dialect poet and singer.  (The Usurer) depicts the peasant as the foundation of national life, while the Jew comes down from Berlin to trick and rob him.

 William Ashley "Billy" Sunday (11/19, 1862 – 11/6, 1935) was a athlete who, after being a popular outfielder in baseball's National League during the 1880s, became the most celebrated and influential evangelist during these first two decades.  He was one of the greatest speakers for Prohibition.

"Judaism is not a religion merely, like Catholicism or Protestantism: it is a brotherhood, a race, if you like; and that it will remain as long as there are two Jews left in the whole world.  Say what you will, no matter how an English Jew or a German Jew may love and feel for his English or German neighbor, he will have a greater love, a greater sympathy, for another Jew, even if that other Jew may come from the other end of the world."- George Dulberg, M.D., printed in the "Jewish Chronicle," on 8/31, 1900.

1900  May 24-Sep 28  The US with International forces enter China to enforce extra-territorial rule.

 Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyov (1/28 1853 – 8/13 1900) was a Russian philosopher, poet, pamphleteer, literary critic, who played a significant role in the development of Russian philosophy and poetry at the end of the 19th century. Solovyov played a significant role in the Russian spiritual renaissance in the beginning of the 20th century, but died a pauper, homeless.  In “War and Christianity”, Solovyov describes three main trends of his (and our) time: economic materialism, Tolstoyan abstract moralism, and hubris.  For him, over a century ago, the first was all too present, and about to explode in the rise of the Communist State.  A hollow moralism, or a 'meaning' with no core, was beginning to develop and would soon replace almost all vestiges of traditional values.  As for hubris, greed, and evil well-disguised as good, this is now reality, and is precisely what Solovyov describes as the apocalyptic precursor of the Antichrist.

 ****Muckrakers were reform-oriented journalists who continued a tradition of investigative journalism reporting and influential from about 1900-1914.  The movement, associated with the Progressive Era, came to an end after a combination of corporate advertising boycotts, dirty tricks and patriotism.   Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, David Graham Phillips, Ray Stannard Baker, Upton Sinclair.   Samuel Hopkins Adams-“The Great American Fraud”.

Ida Minerva Tarbell (11/5, 1857 – 1/6, 1944) was a teacher, author and journalist.  She wrote many notable magazine series and biographies best known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company.  Her direct forerunner was Henry Demarest Lloyd.

Lincoln Steffens (4/6, 1866-8/9, 1936) was a New York reporter who launched a series of articles in McClure’s titled the Shame of the Cities. He is famous for investigating corruption in municipal government.  Fascinated with Jewish Holy days.  "He had a mezuzah nailed to his office door and fasted on Yom Kippur."  He also had many Jewish friends.  He grew up in a wealthy family and attended a military academy. He studied in France and Germany after graduating from the University of California.  (Was he a Jew?)

David Graham Phillips (10/31, 1867 – 1/24, 1911) was a journalist of the muckraker tradition and novelist.  Phillips wrote an article in Cosmopolitan in March 1906, called "The Treason of the Senate", exposing campaign contributors being rewarded by certain members of the U. S. Senate.  He was considered an anti semite.

Ray Stannard Baker (4/17, 1870 – 7/12, 1946), also known by his pen name David Grayson, was a journalist and author.

Samuel Hopkins Adams (1/26, 1871 – 11/15, 1958) was a writer, best known for his investigative journalism.

 Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. (9/20, 1878 – 11/25, 1968), was an author and one-time candidate for governor of California who wrote close to one hundred books in many genres. He wrote The Jungle (1906) which exposed conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry, causing a public uproar that contributed in part to the passage a few months later of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.   In olden times," Upton Sinclair once remarked, "Jewish traders sold Christian girls into concubinage and into prostitution, and even today they display the same activity in the same field in southern California where I live."

“The Jew in Europe: the Christian’s Antagonist” by Charles C Starbuck in the Catholic World, September, 1900.  Article speaks of the Jews’ materialism and exploitation of Gentiles.  Emil Reich is quoted.

 (Jew?) Emil Reich (10/29, 1864 -12/13, 1940) was an Austrian literary critic and author, art patron and founder of community colleges.  By Emil Reich’s admission, the ruin of a Christian nationality would easily be undertaken by Jews if it helped to advance the Jewish race.

   "Wandervogels Abschied" by Fidus, 1900

From the Japanese symbol book, manji (swastika) forms are depicted.

1901         1901         1901         1901

 “The Wandering Jew”, by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler, 1901

1901 McKinley was re-elected in 1900, this time with foreign policy paramount.  Bryan had demanded war with Spain (and volunteered as a soldier), but strongly opposed annexation of the Philippines.  He was also running on the same issue of free silver as he did before, but since the silver debate was ended with the passage of the Gold Standard Act of 1900, McKinley easily won re-election.  “Whoever controls the money of a nation controls that nation.”-McKinley

 American President William McKinley is assassinated by Jewish radical Leon Czolgosz.  Crypto-Jew Theodore Roosevelt succeeds McKinley.  The Jews accomplish a double whammy against the Americans and change American history.

Leon Czolgosz (May 1873 – 10/29, 1901; also used surname "Nieman" and variations thereof) was the assassin of McKinley.  In the last few years of his life, he claimed to have been heavily influenced by anarchists such as Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.

 Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the 26th President of the United States.  He is well remembered for his energetic personality, range of interests and achievements, leadership of the Progressive Movement, model of masculinity, and his "cowboy" image.  He was a leader of the Republican Party and founder of the short-lived Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party of 1912.  Before becoming President (1901–1909) he held offices at the municipal, state, and federal level of government.  Roosevelt's achievements as a naturalist, explorer, hunter, author, and soldier are as much a part of his fame as any office he held as a politician.   Roosevelts were a Jewish dynasty.

 “The President will do exactly what I tell him to do.” Jew William Loeb, Jr. (10/9, 1866- 9/19, 1937) was a political figure. He was the Presidential secretary to President Theodore Roosevelt and Collector of the Port of New York from 1909 to 1913.  He was the father to William Loeb III, the conservative publisher of the Manchester Union Leader.  Loeb was a very intimate aide to Roosevelt and was one of the era's most powerful figures.  As Roosevelt's principal advisor he participated in shaping policy and solving political problems.  Acting as the President's public alter-ego, he unofficially became the nation's first presidential press secretary, as Loeb was empowered to speak for the President and reporters were able to contact him twenty-four hours a day.

  

****American Empire:  These four men, along with Roosevelt led the policy of Empire:

 Alfred Thayer Mahan (9/27, 1840 – 12/1, 1914) was a US Navy flag officer, geostrategist, and historian, who has been called "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century."  His concept of "sea power" was based on the idea that the most powerful navy will control the globe; it was most famously presented in The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783 (1890).

 Henry Cabot Lodge (5/12, 1850 – 11/9, 1924) was an US statesman, a Republican politician, and a noted historian from Massachusetts.  He is best known for his positions on foreign policy, especially his battle with President Woodrow Wilson in 1919 over the Treaty of Versailles, which the United States Senate never ratified.

 John Milton Hay (10/8, 1838 – 7/1, 1905) was a statesman, diplomat, author, journalist, and private secretary and assistant to Abraham Lincoln.  In 1878 he became assistant secretary of state in the Hayes administration.   Hay was named U.S. ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1897 when William McKinley became President.  In August 1898, Hay was named by President McKinley as Secretary of State and helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris of 1898, which ended the Spanish–American War.  Hay continued serving as Secretary of State after Theodore Roosevelt succeeded McKinley, serving until his own death in 1905. He established the open door policy in China.  Hay was a close friend of Henry Brooks Adams, American historian and author.

 Elihu Root (2/15, 1845 – 2/7, 1937) was a lawyer and statesman and the 1912 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. He was the prototype of the 20th century "wise man", who shuttled between high-level government positions in Washington, D.C. and private-sector legal practice in New York City.   Root served as the United States Secretary of War 1899–1904 under William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt.  In 1905, President Roosevelt named Root to be the United States Secretary of State after the death of John Hay.  Later during and after his Senate service, Root served as President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from 1910 to 1925.  In a 1910 letter published by the New York Times, Root supported the proposed income tax amendment, which became the Sixteenth Amendment although he was against Federal Reserve Act.  In 1912, as a result of his work to bring nations together through arbitration and cooperation, Root received the Nobel Peace Prize.   At the outbreak of World War I, Root opposed President Woodrow Wilson's policy of neutrality.  He did support Wilson once the United States entered the war.  In June 1916, Root was drafted for the Republican presidential nomination but declined, stating that he was too old to bear the burden of the Presidency.  In June 1917, at age 72, he was sent to Russia by President Wilson to arrange American co-operation with the new revolutionary government.  After World War I, Root supported the League of Nations and served on the commission of jurists, which created the Permanent Court of International Justice. Root worked with Andrew Carnegie in programs for international peace and the advancement of science. He was the first president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He helped found the American Society of International Law in 1906. He was among the founders of the American Law Institute in 1923. Furthermore, he also helped create the Hague Academy of International Law in the Netherlands.  Root also served as vice president of the American Peace Society, which publishes World Affairs, the oldest U.S. journal on international relations.

   The American Flag as Redesigned in 1901 by Mark Twain. “And as for a flag for the Philippine Province, it is easily managed. We can have a special one - our States do it: we can have just our usual flag, with the white stripes painted black and the stars replaced by the skull and cross-bones” From the essay To the Person Sitting in Darkness.  Mark Twain, 1901

1901 2/25 The United States Steel Corporation is incorporated in the state of New Jersey by J.P. Morgan in defiance of the Sherman Anti-trust Law.  One-seventh of the total capitalization goes to the men who arrange the intricate deal.  Morgan, himself, is said to have made $80 million. (Schlesinger I)

 1901 Georg Friedrich Eduard William Wrede (5/10 1859 – 11/23 1906) was a German Lutheran theologian.  He became famous for his investigation of the Messianic Secret (1901) theme in the Gospel of Mark.  He suggested that this was a literary and apologetic device by which early Christians could explain away the absence of any clear claim to be the Messiah.  According to Wrede, the solution devised by the author of the Mark Gospel was to imply that Jesus kept his messiahship secret to his inner group of supporters.  In his work on Paul, Paulus, he argued that without Paul, Christianity would have basically become just another backwater Jewish sect that would have had little influence in later religious development.  As a result, he concluded that Paul was "the second founder of Christianity."

Albert Guinon (1863-1923) was a French playwright.  Some of the old-time anti-Jewish dramas are occasionally performed in France, but his “Décadence” (1901?)had been banned for years.  It chronicles the Jewish Strohmann family in its rise from backpack peddlers to African slave traders to crooked Paris bankers defrauding the common folk of their savings.  The final step is their assault upon high society through the bought marriage of their son to the daughter of a bankrupt marquis.

GYP (Sibylle Martel de Janville) (Sibylle Aimée Marie-Antoinette Gabrielle de Riquetti de Mirabeau, Comtesse de Martel de Janville) (8/16 1849 – 6/28 1932)  An extremely popular novelist and playwright in her day, Gyp is completely ignored today.  Her works relentlessly lampooned crooks, bankers and Reds, both Jewish and Gentile.  “Le Friquet” (1901), for example, is a play about the Jew, Jacobson, proprietor of an American carnival in a small French town, showing all the worst traits of Yankeedom and Jewry being inflicted upon bewildered Europeans.  Jacobson is described: (just as his face and name suggest, an abominable kike).

 Samuel Langhorne Clemens (11/30, 1835 – 4/21, 1910), better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist.  During his lifetime, Twain became a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.  Twain enjoyed immense public popularity, and his keen wit and incisive satire earned him praise from both critics and peers.  Upon his death he was lauded as the "greatest American humorist of his age," and William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature".  From 1901, soon after his return from Europe, until his death in 1910, Twain was vice-president of the American Anti-Imperialist League.  He wrote many political pamphlets for the organization.  Twain was critical of imperialism in other countries as well especially Britain and Belgium.  During the Philippine-American War, Twain wrote a short pacifist story entitled The War Prayer, which makes the point that humanism and Christianity's preaching of love are incompatible with the conduct of war.

Twain also wrote about Jewish influence.  “Concerning the Jews” He said, “I am convinced that the persecution of the Jew is not in any large degree due to religious prejudice.  No, the Jew is a money-getter.  He has made it the end and aim of his life.  He was at in Rome.  He has been at it ever since.  His success has made the whole human race his enemy.”  “You will say that the Jew is everywhere numerically feeble…..People told me that they had reason to suspect that for business reasons, many Jews did not report themselves as Jews.  It looks plausible.  I am strongly of the opinion that we have an immense Jewish population in America.  I am assured by men competent to speak that the Jews are exceedingly active in politics.”  Also Twain wrote of Jews as ‘simple, superstitious, disease-tortured creatures’ who could only understand a transcendental idea ‘if it was written on their skins’.

“We have a criminal jury system which is superior to any in the world; and its efficiency is only marred by the difficulty of finding twelve men every day who don't know anything and can't read.”- Mark Twain, "After-Dinnerspeech" Sketches New and Old (1872)

1901   The Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed.  This enables Japan to prepare for war with Russia.  Rothschild funds the Japanese.

1901   Rothschild partner J.P. Morgan bank establishes the United States Steel Corporation.

The Moro Wars (1901-1913)-Guerilla warfare against U.S. forces by the Moro Muslims of the southern Philippines. This can be seen as a continuation of the Philippine-American War.

1901 “Buddenbrooks” by Thomas Mann -It portrays the downfall of a wealthy mercantile family over four generations.  The book is generally understood as a portrait of the German bourgeois society throughout several decades of the 19th century.  The book displays Mann's characteristic detailed style, and it was this novel which won Mann the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1929.  Thomas Mann married a Jew, possibly Jew himself, and supported Weimar, red socialism, and spoke often against the Nazis.

 Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (2/16, 1834 – 8/9, 1919) was an eminent German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, stem cell, and the kingdom Protista.  Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarizes its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.  The published artwork of Haeckel includes over 100 detailed, multi-color illustrations of animals and sea creatures.  As a philosopher, Ernst Haeckel wrote “The Riddle of the Universe”, 1901.    Jew Daniel Gasman argues, “For Haeckel, the Jews were the original source of the decadence and morbidity of the modern world and he sought their immediate exclusion from contemporary life and society.” 

 Romanes's 1892 copy of Ernst Haeckel's controversial embryo drawings (this version of the figure is often attributed incorrectly to Haeckel).  The theory of recapitulation, also called the biogenetic law or embryological parallelism—and often expressed as "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"—is a biological hypothesis that in developing from embryo to adult, animals go through stages resembling or representing successive stages in the evolution of their remote ancestors.  There is no consensus on whether Haeckel believed this theory.

1902         1902         1902         1902

Theodore Roosevelt was perhaps the first American president to react swiftly and effectively to Jewish wirepulling. In 1902 he delivered a rather pompous protest to the Rumanian government, which had promulgated and enforced various quotas and restrictions aimed at curbing Jewish dominance in the country's finance and trade. The next year, when Czar Alexander II refused to accept a B'nai B'rith petition about Jewish rights in Russia, it was considered an insult because the petition was accompanied by a memorandum from President Roosevelt himself. As a token of things, many things, to come, Roosevelt then leaked his memo to the press in order to win Jewish voter support in the upcoming presidential election.

 Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (11/30, 1817 – 11/1, 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist, and writer generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century.  His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research.  He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902, and was also a prominent German politician.  His works on Roman law and on the law of obligations had a significant impact on the German civil code (BGB).  Although he had originally taken a stock liberal position in favor of the Jewish immigrants then entering Germany in increasing floods from the east, he did eventually beg off over the dual nationality or state-within-the-state accommodation always demanded by Jewry: ’The great number of specifically Jewish societies which exist here in Berlin appear to me to be definitely evil, insofar as they are not purely religious... The Jews have no Moses to lead them back to the Promised Land; whether they sell pants or write books, it is their duty, insofar as they can do it without violating their conscience, to combat the peculiarity of their existence, and to batter down the fences between them and their fellow citizens.” (A word about our Judaism)

 Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (March 23, 1847– February 27, 1920) was a Romanian scholar, economist, philosopher, historian, professor, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is credited with being the Romanian historian credited with authoring the first major synthesis of the history of the Romanian people.  (Jews were 1/7 of population) "If a Romanian decides to open a store, no Jew will cross his threshold. Thus he would be by-passed by a large clientele, while Romanians are not averse to buying from Jews.  It is clear that even without price-rigging the resistance of the Romanian merchant and tradesman can be broken.  "A Jew will never take a Romanian into his establishment if the latter stands 'to learn something thereby; for Romanians are received into Jewish homes only as servants or porters.  This system of exclusiveness persists strongly.  In the innumerable Jewish workshops and stores which cover Moldavia from one end to the other, there is not a single Christian or Romanian apprentice, - worker, foreman, accountant, cashier, salesman, "Jews then, practice against Romanians the most stringent economic exclusivism which they cannot renounce, for it is prescribed by their own religion." (1902)

  Karl Peters (9/27, 1856 – 9/10, 1918), German traveler in Africa, one of the founders of German East Africa (East Africa, today's Tanzania), was the son of a Lutheran clergyman.  Peters studied history and philosphy at Göttingen, Tübingen and in Berlin under Heinrich von Treitschke.  Although he was accused of destroying two villages, among colonial minded circles in Germany he was feted as a national hero.   Kaiser Wilhelm II by personal decree bestowed upon him the right to use the title of an Imperial Commissioner again and gave him a pension from his personal budget while his sentence by the disciplinary court remained in force.  Peters was officially rehabilitated by personal decree of Adolf Hitler 20 years after his death when the Nazis had discovered him as an ideological relative.  A film "Carl Peters" by Herbert Selpin was released in 1941, starring Hans Albers.

The Pilgrims Society, founded in 1902, is a British-American society established, in the words of American diplomat Joseph Choate, 'to promote good-will, good-fellowship, and everlasting peace between the United States and Great Britain'.  Over the years it has boasted an elite membership of politicians, diplomats, businessmen, and writers have included Henry Kissinger, Casper Weinberger, Douglas Fairbanks Jr., Henry Luce, Alexander Haig, Paul Volcker, Tom Kean and Walter Cronkite to mention a very few.  It is notable for holding dinners to welcome into office each successive U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom.  The patron of the society is Queen Elizabeth II.

 **Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (2/25 1861– 3/30 1925) was an Austrian philosopher, social reformer, architect, and esotericist.  He gained initial recognition as a literary critic and cultural philosopher.  At the beginning of the 20th century, he founded a spiritual movement, Anthroposophy, as an esoteric philosophy growing out of European transcendentalism and with links to Theosophy.  In 1899 Steiner experienced what he described as a life-transforming inner encounter with the being of Christ; previously he had little or no relation to Christianity in any form.  Steiner describes Christ's being and mission on earth as having a central place in human evolution: The being of Christ is central to all religions, though called by different names by each.   Every religion is valid and true for the time and cultural context in which it was born.  Historical forms of Christianity need to be transformed considerably in our times in order to meet the on-going evolution of humanity.  It is the being that unifies all religions — and not a particular religious faith — that Steiner saw as the central force in human evolution. Steiner's views of Christianity diverge from conventional Christian thought in key places, and include gnostic elements including reincarnation and karma.

Steiner's view of the second coming of Christ is also unusual.  He suggested that this would not be a physical reappearance, but rather, meant that the Christ being would become manifest in non-physical form, in the "etheric realm" — i.e. visible to spiritual vision and apparent in community life — for increasing numbers of people, beginning around the year 1933.  He emphasized that the future would require humanity to recognize this Spirit of Love in all its genuine forms, regardless of how this is named.  He also warned that the traditional name, "Christ", might be used, yet the true essence of this Being of Love ignored. In the 1920s, Steiner was approached to create a more modern form of Christianity, Johannine Christianity which became known as "The Christian Community".

After the First World War, Steiner worked with educators, farmers, doctors, and other professionals to develop Waldorf education, biodynamic agriculture, anthroposophical medicine as well as new directions in numerous other areas.  "Jewry as such has outlived itself for a long time. It does not have the right to exist in the modern life of nations. That it has survived, nevertheless, is a mistake by world history, of which the consequences were bound to come."

During the years when Steiner was best known as a literary critic, he published a series of articles attacking various manifestations of antisemitism and criticizing some of the most prominent anti-Semites of the time as "barbaric" and "enemies of culture".  Towards the end of his life and after his death, massive defamatory press attacks against Steiner were undertaken by early National Socialist leaders (including Adolf Hitler) and charged both that Steiner was influenced by his close connections with Jews and that he was himself Jewish.

 William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was the Democratic Party nominee for President of the United States in 1896, 1900 and 1908, a lawyer, and the 41st United States Secretary of State under President Woodrow Wilson.  He was noted for a deep, commanding voice.  Bryan was a devout Presbyterian, a supporter of popular democracy, a critic of banks and railroads, a leader of the silverite movement in the 1890s, a leading figure in the Democratic Party, a peace advocate, a prohibitionist, an opponent of Darwinism, and one of the most prominent leaders of populism in the late 19th and early 20th century. Because of his faith in the goodness and rightness of the common people, he was called "The Great Commoner."  "New York is the city of privilege. Here is the seat of the Invisible Power represented by the allied forces of finance and industry.  This Invisible Government is reactionary, sinister, unscrupulous, mercenary, and sordid.  It is wanting in national ideals and devoid of conscience... This kind of government must be scourged and destroyed."

In his three presidential bids, he promoted Free Silver in 1896, anti-imperialism in 1900, and trust-busting in 1908, calling on Democrats, in cases where corporations are protected, to abandon states' rights, to fight the trusts and big banks, and embrace populist ideas.  President Woodrow Wilson appointed him Secretary of State in 1913, but Wilson's handling of the Lusitania crisis in 1915 caused Bryan to resign in protest.  He was a strong supporter of Prohibition in the 1920s, and energetically attacked Darwinism and evolution, most famously at the Scopes Trial in 1925.  Five days after winning the case but getting bad press, he died in his sleep.

1902 US seizes the Philippines and controls it until the Japanese liberate it for the Asians (WWII).  The US dominates it again after WWII.

Marie Corelli (5/1 1855 – 4/21 1924) was a British novelist.  The play “Temporal Power” (1902) depicts the Jew, David Jost, who runs the most powerful newspaper in the kingdom and uses its political influence for completely selfish interests.

    François-Auguste-René Rodin (11/12 1840 – 11/17 1917), was a French sculptor.  Sculpturally, Rodin possessed a unique ability to model a complex, turbulent, deeply pocketed surface in clay.  He became the preeminent French sculptor of his time.  One of his contemporaries: "Rodin is a glowing anti-Dreyfusard and anti-Semite...".  The Thinker is a bronze and marble sculpture by Auguste Rodin, of 1902, depicts a man in sober meditation battling with a powerful internal struggle.  It is often used to represent philosophy.

 Prince Pyotr Alexeyevich “Peter” Kropotkin (12/9, 1842 – 2/8, 1921) was a Russian zoologist, evolutionary theorist, philosopher, scientist, revolutionary, economist, activist, geographer, writer, and one of the world's foremost anarcho-communists.  Kropotkin advocated a communist society free from central government and based on voluntary associations between workers.  He wrote many books, pamphlets and articles, the most prominent being “The Conquest of Bread and Fields, Factories and Workshops”, and his principal scientific offering, “Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution”(1902).

Violet Guttenberg, a "Protestant writer", but perhaps a Jew who converted to Christianity wrote “Neither Jew Nor Greek: A Story of Jewish Social Life” (1902) and “A Modern Exodus: A Novel”, (1904), which tells the contemporary story of Jews being banished from England.  Many go to Palestine and try to make a life for themselves there.  Jews do not convert to Christianity in this book, although one character marries a Jew and converts to Judaism, but then later converts back to Christianity.

 4-H is a youth organization administered by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).  The organization has over 6.5 million members in the United States, from ages five to nineteen, in approximately 90,000 clubs.  Today, 4-H and related programs exist in over eighty countries around the world.  1902 is considered the birth of the 4-H program.  The clover pin with an H on each leaf was developed in 1910, and, by 1912, they were called 4-H clubs.  The 4-H pledge is: “I pledge my head to clearer thinking, my heart to greater loyalty, my hands to larger service and my health to better living, for my club, my community, my country, and my world.”

 David Starr Jordan (1/19, 1851 – 9/19, 1931) was a leading ichthyologist, educator, eugenicist, and peace activist.  He was president of Indiana University and was the founding president of Stanford University.  In addition to his work as Stanford president, Jordan was known for being a peace activist.  He argued that war was detrimental to the human species because it removed the strongest organisms from the gene pool.  Jordan was president of the World Peace Foundation from 1910 to 1914 and president of the World Peace Conference in 1915, and opposed U.S. involvement in World War I.  Stanford President David Starr Jordan originated the notion of “race and blood” in his 1902 racial epistle “Blood of a Nation”, in which the university scholar declared that human qualities and conditions such as talent and poverty were passed through the blood.

1903         1903         1903         1903

“Physical Anthropology of the Jews II –Pigmentation” (1903) by Maurice Fishberg (8/16, 1872-?) was an American Jew physician and anthropologist Here are several scattered phrases:  “Of those investigated it is found that Jews (22.64 percent) had dark skin and (77.36 percent) had fair skin.  Of the Jewesses, (25.46 percent) had light skin and (74.54 percent) had dark skin.  This indicates that Jewesses have darker skin than Jews.  …These figures show that over 80 percent of the hair of Jews is dark; they also indicate that the hair of Jewesses is fairer than that of Jews….”According to our figures more Jewesses (64.46 percent) than Jews (58.41 per cent) have dark eyes.  Pure blue eyes also appear to be more frequent among the men (24.08 percent) than among the women (19.65 percent). …”From this table we find that in 56.82 percent of all the Jews observed, both the hair and the eyes were dark; the combination of fair hair and eyes was observed in 10.02 percent of Jews and in 9.87 of Jewesses. …”The color of hair and eyes of children frequently becomes darker as the latter approach maturity. Observations show that from 10 to 20 percent of children who have blond or flaxen hair and blue eyes become darker as their age advances….” we find 2.53 percent of men and 3.69 of women with red hair. …The Jews in Europe are divided into two main groups, Ashkenasim and Sephardim.  The former constitute about ninety percent of the modern Jews, while the latter are only about ten percent.  These two groups of Jews differ in their traditions, rites, and physical type. …”The hair of the beard in males is usually lighter than that of the head, and red beards are more frequent than red heads. …”12 percent of modern Jews are diverging from the brunette type, having a combination of blond hair and blue eyes.”

The Kishinev pogrom was an anti-Jewish riot that took place in Chişinău, then the capital of the Bessarabia province of the Russian Empire (now the capital of Moldova) on April 6-7, 1903.  The most popular newspaper in Kishinev, the Russian-language anti-Semitic newspaper (Bessarabetz, meaning "Bessarabian"), regularly published articles with titles in reference to the Jewish population such as "Death to the Jews!" and "Crusade against the Hated Race!".  When a Christian Ukrainian boy, Mikhail Rybachenko, was found murdered and a girl committed suicide, allegations by Bessarabetz insinuated that both were murdered by the Jews using the claim of blood libel.  These allegations sparked the rioting along with the urging of the town's Russian Orthodox Bishop.  Forty-seven (some put the figure at 49) Jews were killed, 92 severely wounded, 500 slightly wounded and over 700 houses and many businesses looted and destroyed (Jew figures?).  A second pogrom took place on October 19-20, 1905.  This time the riots began as political protests against the Tsar, but turned into an attack on Jews wherever they could be found.  This Pogrom was a part of a much larger movement of 600 pogroms that swept the Russian Empire after the October Manifesto of 1905.

Charles Maurice Donnay (1859 - 1945), French dramatist, was born of middle-class parents in Paris. Graduated as an engineer of École Centrale Paris, he left the industrial sector to write.  “Back From Jerusalem” (1903) is a brilliant comedy that is still popular in France.  It shows the evils ensuing from mixed marriage.  Aubier, a 'liberal' Frenchman, marries a Jewish adulteress, Judith.  He eventually sees his error and declaims that Jews are the enemies of the Aryan race and poisoners of its soul.

1903 U.S. Intervention in Panamanian Revolution - The U.S. landed troops in Panama to prevent Columbia from crushing the separatist Panamanian government.

 1903 - Otto Weininger (April 3, 1880 – October 4, 1903) was a Jew Austrian philosopher.  In 1903, he published the book (Sex and Character) which gained popularity after his suicide at the age of 23.  It continues to be held up as a great work of lasting genius and spiritual wisdom.  In his book Sex and Character, Weininger argues that all people are composed of a mixture of the male and the female substance, and attempts to support his view scientifically.  The male aspect is active, productive, conscious and moral/logical, while the female aspect is passive, unproductive, unconscious and amoral/alogical.  By contrast, the duty of the male, or the masculine aspect of personality, is to strive to become a genius, and to forego sexuality for an abstract love of the absolute, God, which he finds within himself.

In a separate chapter, Weininger, himself a Jew who had converted to Christianity in 1902, analyzes the archetypal Jew as feminine, and thus profoundly irreligious, without true individuality (soul), and without a sense of good and evil.  Christianity is described as "the highest expression of the highest faith", while Judaism is called "the extreme of cowardliness".  Weininger decries the decay of modern times, and attributes much of it to feminine and thus Jewish, influences.  By Weininger's reckoning everyone shows some femininity, and what he calls "Jewishness".  Isolated parts of Weininger's writings were used by Nazi propaganda, despite the fact that Weininger actively argued against the ideas of race that came to be identified with the Nazis.  Nevertheless, Weininger's books were denounced by the Nazis.  Hitler said, "Dietrich Eckart once told me that in all his life he had known just one good Jew: Otto Weininger, who killed himself on the day when he realized that the Jew lives upon the decay of peoples".  Adolf Hitler later said "It is remarkable that the half-cast Jew, to the second or third generation, has a tendency to start flirting again with pure Jews. But from the seventh generation onwards, it seems the purity of the Aryan blood is restored. In the long run, nature eliminated the noxious elements."

Jew as Feminine Principle: Hidden versus manifest.  Reactive versus Active.  Resentment versus Immediate Judgment.  Verbal versus Quiet.  Protected versus Protector.  Dark versus Light.  Material versus Spiritual.   Of course any man or woman may have any combination.

 Friedrich Naumann (March 25, 1860 – August 24, 1919) was a German liberal politician and Protestant parish priest.  In 1894 he founded the weekly magazine Die Hilfe ("The Help") to address the social question from a non-Marxist middle class point of view.  In 1896 he also founded the National-Social Association, in an attempt to provide a social liberal alternative to the Social Democrats, although with a heavy nationalist program. The Friedrich Naumann Foundation of the liberal Free Democratic Party is named after him.  Naumann wanted to preserve Christian values, which he hoped would improve the fraught relations between workers and corporate businessmen.  As a German nationalist who had annexationist ideals during the First World War, Naumann believed that the Netherlands and Flanders should become a part of Germany.  Together with Weber, he worked for an institute which supported a mooted German annexation of Poland in 1915 and 1916. He is the author of Mitteleuropa, a book on the geopolitics of the Central Europe where he provides his vision of a postwar German cultural and economic Imperium in central and Eastern Europe.

 Émile François Zola (Jew?)(4/2, 1840 – 9/29, 1902) was an influential French writer, the most important exemplar of the literary school of naturalism, an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France and in the exoneration of the falsely accused and convicted army officer Alfred Dreyfus which is encapsulated in the renowned newspaper headline J'Accuse.  With his J Accuse!  and similar writings, Zola distinguished himself early as the champion of the Jews during the Dreyfus treason trials.  Yet there are many other things in his writings that offend Jewish sensibilities, even so. The novel L'Argent, for example, deals quite matter-of-factly with Jewish high finance and its role in the sensational collapse of the Catholic investment group, Union Générale. This is the kind of thing that Jewish commentators usually designate as 'group libel.'

 Robert Erskine Childers DSC (6/25 1870 – 11/24 1922), was an author and an Irish nationalist who smuggled guns to Ireland in his sailing yacht Asgard.  He was executed by the authorities of the nascent Irish Free State during the Irish Civil War.  Childers had an ancestor who was a 16th century Sephardic refugee( a drop of blood?). “The Riddle of the Sands: A Record of Secret Service” is a 1903 novel by Erskine Childers.  It is an early example of the espionage novel, with a strong underlying theme of militarism predicting an invasion of Britain by Germany.  It has been made into a film and TV film.

William Edward Hartpole Lecky, OM (3/26, 1838–10/22, 1903) was an Irish historian.  Lecky wrote specifically about Jews and, after pitying them for the unfair treatment, he “characterizes the Jews as ‘shrewd, thrifty, and sober’ and with a ‘rare power of judging, influencing, and managing men,’ and asserts that ‘great Jewish capitalists largely control the money markets of Europe’”.

 Bernard Lazare (6/15, 1865 — 9/1, 1903) was a French Jewish literary critic, political journalist, polemicist, and anarchist.  He was also among the first Dreyfusards.  The French Jewish intellectual (and eventual Zionist), Bernard Lazare, among many others in history, noted this obvious fact in 1894, long before the Nazi persecutions of Jews and resultant institutionalized Jewish efforts to deny, or obfuscate, crucial -- and central -- aspects of their history: “Wherever the Jews settled [in their Diaspora] one observes the development of anti-Semitism, or rather anti-Judaism ... If this hostility, this repugnance had been shown towards the Jews at one time or in one country only, it would be easy to account for the local cause of this sentiment.  But this race has been the object of hatred with all nations amidst whom it settled.  Inasmuch as the enemies of Jews belonged to diverse races, as they dwelled far apart from one another, were ruled by different laws and governed by opposite principles; as they had not the same customs and differed in spirit from one another, so that they could not possibly judge alike of any subject, it must needs be that the general causes of anti-Semitism have always resided in [the people of] Israel itself, and not in those who antagonized it.” (Lazare, 8).  Bernard Lazare, a Jew-About Maingnial quoted in "The Jewish Question," 1903: "As the world became more sweet to them, Jewish - at least mass - retired in themselves, they narrowed their prison, they were bound to closer ties.  Their decrepit was unheard of, their intellectual collapse was matched only by their moral degradation."

"The Jew is necessarily anti-Christian, by definition, in being a Jew, just as he is anti- Mohammedan, just as he is opposed to every principle which is not his own.       Now that the Jew has entered into society, he has become a source of disorder, and, like the mole, he is busily engaged in undermining the ancient foundations upon which rests the Christian State. And this accounts for the decline of nations, and their intellectual and moral decadence; they are like a human body which suffers from the intrusion of some foreign element which it cannot assimilate and the presence of which brings on convulsions and lasting disease.  By his very presence the Jew acts as a solvent; he produces disorders, he destroys, he brings on the  most fearful catastrophes. The admission of the Jew into the body of the nations has proved fatal to them; they are doomed for having received him...The entrance of the Jew into society marked  the destruction of the State, meaning by State, the Christian State." (Benard Lazare,  Antisemitism, Its History and Causes)

"What virtues and what vices brought upon the Jew this universal enmity? Why was he in turn equally maltreated and hated by the Alexandrians and the Romans, by the Persians and  the Arabs, by the Turks and by the Christian nations?  Because everywhere and up to the present day, the Jew was an unsociable being.       Why was he unsociable? Because he was exclusive and his exclusiveness was at the same  time political and religious, or, in other words, he kept to his political, religious cult and his  law. (B. Lazare, L'Antisemitism)

“The Jews, it may be said, are situated at the poles of contemporary society.  They are found among the representatives of industrial and financial capitalism, and among those who have vehemently protested against capital.  Rothschild is the antithesis of Marx and Lassalle; the struggle for money finds its counterpart in the struggle against money, and the world-wide outlook of the stock speculator finds its answer in the international proletarian and revolutionary movement.  It was Marx who gave the first impulse to the founding of the Internationale, but from Marx proceeded the idea of a Labor Congress, which was held at London in 1864, and resulted in the founding of that society.  The Jews constituted a very large proportion of its members, and in the General Council of the society, we find Karl Marx, secretary for Germany and Russia, and James Cohen, secretary for Denmark.  Many of the Jewish members of the Internationale took part simultaneously in the Commune, where they found others of their faith. In the organization of the Socialist Party, the Jews participated to the greatest extent.  Marx and Lassalle in Germany, Aaron Libermann and Adler in Austria, Dobrojan Gherea in Roumania, are or were at one time its creators and its leaders. The Jews of Russia deserve special notice in this brief résumé.  Young Jewish students, scarcely escaped from the ghetto, have played an important part in the Nihilistic propaganda; some, among them women, have given up their lives for the cause of Liberation, and to these young Jewish physicians and lawyers, we must add the large number of exiled workingmen who have founded in London and New York important labor societies, which serve as centers of socialistic and even of anarchistic propaganda. . . The complaint of the anti-Semites seems to be founded: the Jew has the revolutionary spirit; consciously or not, he is an agent of revolution...

Karl Marx was a clear and lucid Talmudist ... full of that old Hebrew materialism which ever dreams of a paradise on earth and always rejects the chance of a Garden of Eden after death.” (LAntisémitisme) 

Guy Thorne was the pen name of Cyril Arthur Edward Justice Waggoner Ranger Gull (1876 – 1/9, 1923), a prolific English journalist and novelist best known for his novel “When It Was Dark: The Story of A Great Conspiracy” (1903).  He also wrote under the name Ranger Gull.  This book describes the attempt by a Jew, the malevolent Constantine Schaube, to overthrow the whole of the Christian world by fraudulently disproving the Resurrection.  When It Was Dark has been criticized for its stereotyping of Jews and their portrayal as intent on destroying what Thorne viewed as the most valuable element of British life - the Christian faith and the spiritual values associated with it.

 St Pius X #257 served from 8/4, 1903-8/20, 1914 Encouraged and expanded reception of Holy Communion, and combatted Modernistic theology.  Most recent pope to be canonized.

 Alexander Loiewski aka Count Cassini, Russian diplomat, and Iosif Dzhugashvili aka Joseph Stalin.

In 1903 Count Cassini said of the Jews in Russia: “There is in Russia, as in Germany and Austria, a feeling against certain of the Jews. The reason for this unfriendly attitude is found in the fact that the Jews will not work in the field or engage in agriculture. They prefer to be money lenders. ... The situation in Russia, so far as the Jews are concerned is just this: It is the peasant against the money lender, and not the Russians against the Jews.”  In 1913 Joseph Stalin wrote of the Jews in Russia: “The fact of the matter is primarily that among the Jews there is no large and stable stratum connected with the land, which would naturally rivet the nation together, serving not only as its framework but also as a "national" market. Of the five or six million Russian Jews, only three to four per cent are connected with agriculture in any way. The remaining ninety-six per cent are employed in trade, industry, in urban institutions, and in general are town dwellers;”

1904         1904         1904         1904

1904   France and Britain sign the Anglo-French Entente, threatening Germany.  France and Britain initiate secret military conferences to prepare for war.

Tsar Nicholas II introduced sweeping land reforms, giving large areas of land back to the farmers.  The Bolsheviks stir further agitation.

Dietrich Schäfer (5/16 1845 – 1/12 1929) was a German historian.  His main work is the German history in two volumes in 1904.  Schaefer was a student of Heinrich von Treitschke, agreed with his anti-Semitic views.  He sympathized with the Pan-German League , with the Kaiser's fleet policy and the colonial and Ostpolitik. The National Socialists considered him as one of their champions.

1904 - Premillennialist theologian William Eugene Blackstone begins teaching that the world has already been evangelized, citing Acts 2:5, 8:4, Mark 16:20 and Colossians 1:23.  William Eugene Blackstone (10/6, 1841 – 11/7, 1935) was an American evangelist and Christian Zionist.  He was the author of the proto- Zionist Blackstone Memorial of 1891.

John Creagh (1870 - 1947) was an Irish Redemptorist priest who is best known for delivering anti-Semitic sermons in Limerick in 1904 which led to riots against the small Jewish population in the city in 1904.   Creagh. castigated Jews for their rejection of Christ, being usurers and allies of the Freemasons then persecuting the Church in France, taking over the local economy, selling shoddy goods at inflated prices, to be paid for in installments.  He urged Catholics "not to deal with the Jews."  Later, after eighty Jews had been driven from their homes, Creagh was disowned by his superiors saying that: religious persecution had no place in Ireland.

The Case of Gabriel Syveton (1864 -12/8, 1904, was a French historian and politician, leader of the nationalist right.  According to Andrew Baron, his death was probably a murder committed on the orders of (Jew) Freemasonry.   According to Leon Daudet, the "crime" was executed by the French political police. (killed by Jews?)

Second Aliyah to Israel (1904–1914) 40,000 Jews immigrated mainly from Russia with socialist ideals, established the first kibbutz, in 1909 and formed self-defense organizations, such as Hashomer, to counter increasing Arab hostility.

 William Sydney Porter (9/11, 1862 – 6/5, 1910), better known by his pen name O. Henry, was an American writer.  O. Henry's short stories are known for their wit, wordplay, warm characterization and clever twist endings.  Famous books are "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief".  His “The Door of Unrest” (1904) is about the Wandering Jew.

“Moishe Pish from Tranpol changes his name to Moritz Waterfall, moves to Posen and deals in second-hand Parissien fashions.  Then as Maurice La Fontaine he sets himself up in Berlin as an art dealer.”  – 1904 German satirical periodical Simplicissimus

”Darwinistics: Einstein’s pessimistic view of the inevitable Jewish future.”  1904 German satirical magazine Der Schlemiel

1905         1905         1905         1905